Predictive equations for muscle mass in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia / Ecuaciones predictivas de masa muscular en pacientes con ataxia espinocerebelosa

Objective: to compare anthropometric equations with one that uses BIA to predict muscle mass in patients with SCA. Methods: 76 patients with ages from 22 to 72 years had their muscle mass estimated by the equation that employs BIA and by five anthropometric equations. The results were analyzed using Pearson's and intraclass correlation coefficient, the paired t test and the Bland-Altman plot. Results: the mean weight and height ± SD were 64.2 ± 14 kg and 1.61 m ± 8 cm, respectively. The equation proposed by Lee et al. (2000), which uses body weight and height measurements, produced the best results in predicting muscle mass, since a significant bias value was not detected, and both a stronger linear correlation (r = 0.94) and higher intraclass correlation (ICC = 0.93). Conclusion: this anthropometric equation can be used to reliably estimate and monitor decreases in muscle mass in people with SCA

Introducción: las ataxias espinocerebelosas (AEC) forman parte de un grupo de enfermedades que afectan al equilibrio y la marcha y al trofismo muscular. La utilización de la impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) es cada vez más común en la evaluación de la composición corporal. Sin embargo, esta tecnología no siempre está disponible en los servicios de salud y su uso en un elevado número de personas presenta ciertas limitaciones. Objetivo: comparar diferentes ecuaciones antropométricas con una ecuación que utiliza valores de BIA en la predicción de la masa muscular en un grupo de pacientes con AEC. Métodos: se estimaron las cantidades de masa muscular de 76 pacientes portadores de la enfermedad con edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 72 años con base en la ecuación que utiliza la BIA y otras cinco ecuaciones antropométricas. Para el análisis de los resultados se emplearon los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson, de correlación intraclase, el test de t pareado y el análisis de Bland-Altman. Resultados: la media de peso y altura ± desvío patrón fueron 64,2 ± 14 kg y 1,61 ± 8 m, respectivamente. La ecuación propuesta por Lee y cols. que utiliza parámetros de peso y estatura presentó mejor desempeño en la predicción de masa muscular pues no presentó sesgo significativo, mayor correlación lineal (r = 0,94) y mayor correlación intraclase (ICC = 0,93) en relación a las demás ecuaciones. Conclusiones: esa ecuación antropométrica se puede utilizar para estimar la masa muscular de los portadores de AEC

Predictive equations for muscle mass in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia.

INTRODUCTION: Objective: to compare anthropometric equations with one that uses BIA to predict muscle mass in patients with SCA. Methods: 76 patients with ages from 22 to 72 years had their muscle mass estimated by the equation that employs BIA and by five anthropometric equations. The results were analyzed using Pearson's and intraclass correlation coefficient, the paired t test and the Bland-Altman plot. Results: the mean weight and height ± SD were 64.2 ± 14 kg and 1.61 m ± 8 cm, respectively. The equation proposed by Lee et al. (2000), which uses body weight and height measurements, produced the best results in predicting muscle mass, since a significant bias value was not detected, and both a stronger linear correlation (r = 0.94) and higher intraclass correlation (ICC = 0.93). Conclusion: this anthropometric equation can be used to reliably estimate and monitor decreases in muscle mass in people with SCA.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: las ataxias espinocerebelosas (AEC) forman parte de un grupo de enfermedades que afectan al equilibrio y la marcha y al trofismo muscular. La utilización de la impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) es cada vez más común en la evaluación de la composición corporal. Sin embargo, esta tecnología no siempre está disponible en los servicios de salud y su uso en un elevado número de personas presenta ciertas limitaciones. Objetivo: comparar diferentes ecuaciones antropométricas con una ecuación que utiliza valores de BIA en la predicción de la masa muscular en un grupo de pacientes con AEC. Métodos: se estimaron las cantidades de masa muscular de 76 pacientes portadores de la enfermedad con edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 72 años con base en la ecuación que utiliza la BIA y otras cinco ecuaciones antropométricas. Para el análisis de los resultados se emplearon los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson, de correlación intraclase, el test de t pareado y el análisis de Bland-Altman. Resultados: la media de peso y altura ± desvío patrón fueron 64,2 ± 14 kg y 1,61 ± 8 m, respectivamente. La ecuación propuesta por Lee y cols. que utiliza parámetros de peso y estatura presentó mejor desempeño en la predicción de masa muscular pues no presentó sesgo significativo, mayor correlación lineal (r = 0,94) y mayor correlación intraclase (ICC = 0,93) en relación a las demás ecuaciones. Conclusiones: esa ecuación antropométrica se puede utilizar para estimar la masa muscular de los portadores de AEC.

Estimation of skeletal muscle mass in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 and 10.

BACKGROUND: Neurodegenerative diseases may progress to a level in which patients present spontaneous weight loss, resulting in increased falls and functional disabilities when the disease is associated with muscle mass depletion. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the muscle compartment in patients presenting spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 3 and 10. METHODS: Forty-six patients presenting SCA type 3 and 10 were assessed and 76 volunteers were selected to the control group. In order to evaluate the muscle compartment, muscle mass anthropometric measurements were assessed and total skeletal muscle mass calculated through a predictive equation. RESULTS: Women with SCA3 presented greater weight loss and muscle mass reduction compared to those with SCA10 and the control group. Among the predictive measurements, calf muscle circumference showed a more significant correlation with total skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.718). CONCLUSION: Patients presenting both types of ataxia did not show severe depletion in their nutritional status; however, those with SCA3 displayed greater weight loss and muscle mass reduction compared to the SCA10 group.

Protein intake, nitrogen balance and nutritional status in patients with Parkinson’s disease; time for a change? / Ingestión proteica, balance nitrogenado y estado nutricional en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson; ¿tiempo para cambios?

Objective: to evaluate protein intake, nitrogen balance and nutritional status of clinically stable patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: a cross-sectional study of PD patients Hoehn-Yahr scale stage 1-3 and subjects with no neurologic disease (controls) matched for age and gender. All participants underwent a diet history interview, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance and food record over three non-consecutive days, including a weekend. A 24-hour urine collection and fasting venous blood sampling were collected from the participants for evaluation of creatinine clearance, creatinine height index and the nitrogen balance. Results: the mean age of PD patients was 58.9 ± 12.8 year compared to 54.7 ± 12.6 year of the controls, P = 0.34. One third of PD group had symptoms of dysphagia and ingested less water and fibers when compared to controls. Calf circumference was small in PD group (35.5 ± 2.8 vs. 38.4 ± 3.5 cm, P = 0.012). Intake of nitrogen was significantly lower and nitrogen balance was negative in PD patients (-1.8 ± 3.9 vs. 1.1 ± 4.2 controls, P = 0.06). The antioxidants folate and vitamin E were consumed in small amounts in both groups, although significantly less in PD patients (P = 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Discussion: daily intakes of protein of approximately 1.1 g/kg by clinically stable PD patients may not be enough to ensure a neutral calorie-nitrogen balance and muscle tissue conservation. Larger studies are necessary to provide a more comprehensive picture of PD patients’ metabolic status (AU)

Objetivo: evaluar ingestión proteica, balance nitrogenado y estado nutricional de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) clínicamente estables. Métodos: estudio transversal de pacientes con EP en los niveles 1-3 según la escala de Hoehn-Yahr e individuos sin enfermedad neurológica (controles), pareados por edad y género. Todos los participantes fueron sometidos a una entrevista de la historia nutricional, antropometría, impedancia eléctrica y registro alimentario de 3 días consecutivos, incluyendo un fin de semana. Fueron colectados sangre venosa en ayuno y orina de 24 horas para evaluación de la depuración de la creatinina, índice creatinina-altura y balance nitrogenado. Resultados: el promedio de edad en pacientes con EP fue 58,9 ± 12,8 años en comparación con 54,7 ± 12,6 años de los controles, p = 0,345. Un tercio del grupo EP tuvo síntomas de disfagia, con menor ingestión de agua y fibras, comparados a los controles. La circunferencia de la pantorrilla fue menor en grupo EP (35,5 ± 2,8 vs. 38,4 ± 3,5 cm, p = 0,012). La ingestión de nitrógeno fue significativamente menor y el balance de nitrógeno fue negativo en grupo EP (-1,8 ± 3,9 vs. 1,1 ± 4,2 controles, p = 0,064). Los antioxidantes folato y vitamina E fueron consumidos en pequeñas cantidades en ambos grupos, aunque significativamente menor en los pacientes con EP (p = 0,042 y 0,031, respectivamente). Discusión: la ingestión proteica diaria de aproximadamente 1,1 g/kg en pacientes clínicamente estables con EP puede no ser suficiente para garantizar un balance neutro de calorías-nitrógeno, así como para mantener la masa muscular. Serán necesarios mayores estudios que produzcan una imagen más completa del estado metabólico de los pacientes con Parkinson (AU)

Adequate dietary intake and nutritional status in patients with nephrolithiasis: new targets and objectives.

OBJECTIVES: Modifiable risk factors for kidney stones, such as diet and nutritional status, are targets in the treatment and prevention of nephrolithiasis. The aim of the present study was to assess the nutritional state and energy and nutrient adequacy of patients with nephrolithiasis via anthropometric evaluation, dietary inquiry, and urine biochemistry. DESIGN: The present observational cross-sectional study. SETTING: An outpatient, nephrolithiasis clinic of a tertiary care, university hospital. SUBJECTS: A total of 31 patients with nephrolithiasis and 25 controls were assessed. INTERVENTIONS: All patients were subjected to nutritional evaluation, including dietary inquiry and chemical tests of blood and 24-hour urine samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Nutritional state and nutrient ingestion adequacy. RESULTS: The group of patients with nephrolithiasis exhibited high body mass index, abdominal circumference, and body fat percentage values. The protein, sodium, calcium, potassium, and oxalate intakes differed significantly from the recommended values in both the nephrolithiasis and control groups. The nephrolithiasis and control groups differed only in terms of oxalate intake (159 ± 119.27 vs. 112 ± 47.9, respectively, P = .042). Regarding urine biochemistry, 30% of the patients with nephrolithiasis exhibited hypercalciuria, versus 12% of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of individuals with overweight/obesity was high in both the nephrolithiasis and control groups. This finding indicates that in addition to orientation regarding nonlithogenic dietary habits, continuous education by a multidisciplinary staff must also address the prevention and treatment of obesity.

Avaliação não invasiva de gordura abdominal total comparada à determinação tomográfica em pacientes hipertensos / A non-invasive estimative of the total abdominal fat compared to tomographic determination in hypertensive patients

A obesidade é uma doença crônica, cuja prevalência vem sobrepujando a desnutrição e as doenças infecciosas tanto em países desenvolvidos quanto nos em desenvolvimento, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)1.Gordura abdominal total (GAT) representa um fator de risco cardiovascular. O estudo teve o objetivo de estabelecer uma associação de métodos não invasivos capazes de estimar a GAT. Foi avaliada a composição corporal de adultos (29-61 anos) obesos hipertensos (20M, 20F).A análise corporal foi realizada por meio de antropometria, bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) e tomografia computadorizada(TC). ..

Total abdominal fat (TAF) is a cardiovascular risk factor. The objective of this study was to establish an association of non-invasive methods able to estimate the total body fat. Body composition was assessed in obese hypertensive (20M, 20F) adults (29-61 years). Body analysis included anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and computed tomography (CT)...

Avaliaçäo da Composiçäo corporal na anorexia nervosa por antropometria e bioimpedância / Assessment of body composition in anorexia nervosa by skinfold anthropometry and bioelectrtical impedance technique

A avaliaçäo nutricional de pacientes com anorexia nervosa é parte essencial da intervençäo dietoterápica, pois o estado nutricional alterado e o manejo nutricional inadequado podem levar ao desenvolvimento de seqüelas irreversíveis, tais como disfunçäo cognitiva e desmineralizaçäo óssea. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o método de avaliaçäo mais apropriado para a determinaçäo da composiçäo corpórea de pacientes anoréxicas a ser incluído em protocolo. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre adolescentes e/ou adultas jovens atendidas em consultório particular. A avaliaçäo nutricional foi avaliada por bioimpedância e antropometria, compreendendo: índice de massa corporal; pregas cutâneas tricipital, do bíceps, subescapular e suprailíaca; somatória das pregas cutâneas; circunferência branquial e muscular do braço. Observou-se estreita correlaçäo dos achados referentes à massa magra e à gordura corporal, näo havendo diferença estatísticamente significativa na utilizaçäo das duas técnicas. Conclui-se que a bioimpedância é um método rápido, näo-invasivo, adequado e comparável à antropometria, podendo ser inclu1do em protocolo de avaliaçäo da composiçlo corpórea de pacientes com anorexia nervosa.(au)